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How the Science of ADHD Is Advancing

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The science of ADHD is evolving and, with it, so is our understanding of the condition. Over the past 25 years, research has blossomed as institutions share data sets to combine and test earlier findings, says Dave Anderson, Ph.D., of the Child Mind Institute.The use of fMRI brain scans in ADHD research has helped scientists spot abnormalities in underlying neural networks and circuitries.

Differences in the default mode network (overactivity) and frontostriatal circuits (underactivity) of the ADHD brain remain key findings.“The default mode network (DMN) is one of the most fascinating and significant discoveries to come out of neuroscience in the past 20 years,” writes Edward Hallowell, M.D., in his ADDitude article, “ADHD’s Secret Demon — and How to Tame It.” “The DMN seems to be more active in those of us who have ADHD, and it may explain our tendency to make ‘careless’ mistakes.

In fact, when using a functional MRI, you can predict a mistake 20 seconds before it is made by watching for activity in the DMN.”The emergence of multiple large-scale, multi-site studies has called into question other previous conclusions from neuroscience research.

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Analysis on Homeopathy for ADHD Deemed ‘Invalid,’ ‘Biased’
November 6, 2023Pediatrics Research has retracted a paper on the effectiveness of using homeopathy to treat ADHD, citing “substantial concerns regarding the validity of the results presented in this article.” 1The original article “Is Homeopathy Effective for Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder? A Meta-Analysis” reported that “individualized homeopathy showed a clinically relevant and statistically robust effect in the treatment of ADHD.”1 This retraction directly challenges those results and addresses the concerns of critics, who argue that science does not support the use of homeopathy for addressing ADHD symptoms.The journal’s editor-in-chief issued the retraction after a review found four “deficiencies,” including the following:The paper’s retraction comes more than a year after critics first questioned the validity of the studies included in the meta-analysis. Shortly after the paper’s June 2022 publication, Edzard Ernst, M.D., Ph.D., MAE, FMedSci, FRSB, FRCP, FRCPEd, asked the editors of Pediatrics Research to add a caution notice or withdraw the paper.“We conclude that the positive result obtained by the authors is due to a combination of the inclusion of biased trials unsuitable to build evidence together with some major misreporting of study outcomes,” he wrote.In a follow-up letter sent in June 2023, Ernst wrote, “In our comment, we point out that the authors made a lot of errors — to say it mildly.
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